The event involves the use of deepfake AI applications to generate explicit images of minors without consent, a clear violation of rights and harm (sexual exploitation and privacy infringement). The misuse directly led to the creation, dissemination, and legal consequences of these images, meeting the criteria for an AI Incident.[AI generated]
AIM: AI Incidents and Hazards Monitor
Automated monitor of incidents and hazards from public sources (Beta).
AI-related legislation is gaining traction, and effective policymaking needs evidence, foresight and international cooperation. The OECD AI Incidents and Hazards Monitor (AIM) documents AI incidents and hazards to help policymakers, AI practitioners, and all stakeholders worldwide gain valuable insights into the risks and harms of AI systems. Over time, AIM will help to show risk patterns and establish a collective understanding of AI incidents and hazards and their multifaceted nature, serving as an important tool for trustworthy AI. AI incidents seem to be getting more media attention lately, but they've actually gone down as a share of all AI news (see chart below!).
The information displayed in the AIM should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its member countries.
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Teen Arrested for AI-Generated Explicit Images of Schoolgirls
A teenager was arrested in Victoria, Australia, for using AI to create explicit images of 50 female students from Bacchus Marsh Grammar by manipulating their social media photos. The images were shared online, violating privacy and causing distress. Police are investigating, and the school is supporting affected students.[AI generated]
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Meta Plans to Use European User Data for AI Training
Meta, Facebook's parent company, plans to use European users' public posts to train its AI language model, Llama, starting June 26. This move follows similar actions by Google and OpenAI. Meta is consulting with the Irish Data Protection Commission to ensure compliance with local privacy laws.[AI generated]
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The article describes Meta’s intention to use, starting June 26, Europeans’ public and private content for AI training without clear, explicit, informed consent. While no actual data breach or legal finding of wrongdoing has yet occurred, the plan poses a credible risk of violating data-protection and privacy rights, making it a potential harm rather than a realized one. Therefore, this is an AI Hazard.[AI generated]

French tax authority uses AI to detect undeclared pools
Since 2021, France’s DGFiP uses Foncier Innovant, an AI image-analysis system developed with Google and Capgemini, to scan aerial imagery for undeclared private pools. In 2023 it flagged 140,000 unreported pools, yielding €40 million in extra property tax and prompting plans to extend detection to other constructions.[AI generated]
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Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?
An AI system is explicitly mentioned as being used to analyze aerial images and detect undeclared swimming pools, which directly leads to the identification of tax fraud and additional tax collection. This constitutes a violation of applicable law (tax law) and fundamental rights related to property and taxation. The harm is realized and directly linked to the AI system's use. Therefore, this event qualifies as an AI Incident under the framework, specifically under category (c) violations of human rights or breach of obligations under applicable law.[AI generated]

360AI Accused of Image Theft at Product Launch
360AI is accused of using an AI-generated image without permission during a product launch, leading to a dispute with creator DynamicWang. The creator claims the image was generated by their AI model and demands compensation. 360AI's VP, Liang Zhihui, denies the theft and suggests legal action to resolve the copyright issue.[AI generated]
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An AI system (AIGC image generation) was used to create original artwork, which 360 then employed without permission at its product launch. This unauthorized use constitutes a breach of intellectual property rights—a harm that has materialized, prompting litigation. Therefore it is an AI Incident.[AI generated]

Unauthorized Use of Brazilian Children's Photos for AI Training
Human Rights Watch revealed that personal photos of Brazilian children were used without consent in the LAION-5B dataset to train AI systems, violating privacy rights. The dataset, containing 5.85 billion images, included at least 170 unauthorized photos from various Brazilian states, some used for creating deepfakes. The German institution responsible for LAION-5B committed to removing these images.[AI generated]
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The Human Rights Watch report documents that 170 personal images of children were included in LAION-5B without parental consent. This data sourcing for AI training has already occurred and directly breaches the children’s privacy and data protection rights, meeting the criteria for a realized AI Incident.[AI generated]

AI-Assisted Cheating Scandal in Turkish University Exam
In Isparta, Turkey, a university entrance exam candidate, M.E.E., was caught using an AI system to cheat. The setup involved a router for internet access, a camera disguised as a button to capture questions, and an AI to solve them. M.E.E. and accomplice A.B. were arrested, with M.E.E. being detained.[AI generated]
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The incident involves the direct misuse of an AI system (camera, router, AI solver, hidden earpiece) to commit fraud during an official exam. The AI system’s development and use directly led to wrongdoing and legal action, fitting the definition of an AI Incident.[AI generated]

NSE Alerts Against Deepfake Investment Scams
The National Stock Exchange (NSE) has warned investors about deepfake videos misusing the likeness of its CEO, Ashishkumar Chauhan, to give false investment advice. These videos, created using advanced AI technology, mimic Chauhan's voice and expressions. Investors are advised to verify information through official channels and disregard such deceptive content.[AI generated]
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The creation and distribution of AI-generated deepfakes of the NSE CEO constitutes a realized AI-driven misinformation attack. The AI system’s misuse has already produced fraudulent content that can directly mislead and harm investors, fulfilling the criteria for an AI Incident.[AI generated]
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China and Japan advance L3/4 autonomous driving tests amid bus accident
Chinese automaker BYD gained China’s first approval for Level 3 autonomous driving tests on public roads. Japan’s government plans nationwide Level 4 driverless bus operations by 2025. Meanwhile, in Niigata Village, a Level 2 autonomous community bus damaged roadside sensors after veering into a wire during manual takeover, prompting suspensions and safety reviews.[AI generated]
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The event involves the use of an AI system (autonomous driving system) in a real-world trial without a human driver, which could plausibly lead to harm such as injury or property damage if the system malfunctions or fails. Since no harm has yet occurred, but the potential for harm is credible and significant, this qualifies as an AI Hazard rather than an AI Incident. The article does not describe any realized harm or incident, nor does it focus on responses or updates to prior incidents, so it is not Complementary Information. It is directly related to an AI system and its use, so it is not Unrelated.[AI generated]
US Admiral Paparo’s AI 'Hellscape' Plan to Deter Chinese Invasion
Admiral Paparo threatened a “hellscape” in the Taiwan Strait by pre-positioning thousands of unmanned surface vessels, submarines, and drones to delay a Chinese assault, asserting its feasibility. Chinese military experts denounced the strategy as overt intimidation and questioned the US’s ability to deploy such AI-enabled systems effectively in time.[AI generated]
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The event involves AI systems in the form of autonomous or semi-autonomous unmanned military vehicles and drones intended for use in armed conflict. Although no actual harm has yet occurred, the deployment of such AI-enabled weapons systems in a potential conflict zone could plausibly lead to injury, loss of life, and broader harm to communities and infrastructure. The article focuses on the strategic plan and potential military use, which constitutes a credible risk of future harm. Therefore, this qualifies as an AI Hazard rather than an AI Incident, as the harm is potential and not yet realized.[AI generated]

Scarlett Johansson Invited to Testify on OpenAI Voice Controversy
Scarlett Johansson has been invited by the US House to testify on the use of AI-generated voices resembling her own, following her concerns about OpenAI's ChatGPT voice 'Sky'. The incident raises issues of intellectual property rights and deepfake technology. OpenAI claims the voice was not intended to mimic Johansson's.[AI generated]
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The article describes the deployment and subsequent withdrawal of an AI-powered voice assistant that allegedly mimicked Johansson’s voice without authorization. This constitutes a violation of Johansson’s rights (intellectual property/right of publicity), directly tied to the use of an AI system, and thus meets the criteria for an AI Incident.[AI generated]
Megan Thee Stallion Breaks Down Over AI-Generated Deepfake Sextape
A deepfake AI-generated sextape of the rapper circulated online, prompting Megan Thee Stallion to break down in tears mid-performance in Tampa, Florida. She condemned the malicious AI manipulation on X, calling it an attempt to harm her, highlighting the emotional toll of AI-fueled harassment.[AI generated]
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An AI system was used to generate a fake sextape involving Megan Thee Stallion, which is a clear misuse of AI technology leading to harm to the artist's emotional health and personal rights. The article describes the emotional distress caused by this AI-generated content, indicating realized harm. Hence, it meets the criteria for an AI Incident as the AI system's use directly led to harm to a person.[AI generated]

Deepfake AI scam impersonates Colombia’s First Lady to promote trading fraud
An AI-generated deepfake video impersonated Colombia’s First Lady Verónica Alcocer to pitch a fraudulent trading platform, echoing a prior deepfake of President Gustavo Petro. ICT Minister Mauricio Lizcano condemned the scam, vowed AI regulation, and Alcocer publicly debunked the video, warning citizens not to fall victim.[AI generated]
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An AI system was used to generate a manipulated video with the image and voice of Verónica Alcocer, which is being used to promote fraudulent trading platforms. This misuse of AI has directly led to harm by deceiving people and potentially causing financial loss, which qualifies as harm to communities and individuals. Therefore, this event is an AI Incident due to the realized harm caused by the AI-generated deepfake content.[AI generated]

Manny Villar Warns Against AI Deepfake Investment Scam
Billionaire Manuel B. Villar Jr. warns the public about a deepfake video scam using AI to falsely depict him endorsing an investment scheme. The video, which manipulates old footage, promotes a fake platform promising easy money. Villar urges caution and emphasizes the absence of such an investment program.[AI generated]
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The event involves an AI system (deepfake video generation) used maliciously to create a fraudulent video impersonating a public figure to deceive the public into investing in a fake scheme. This misuse of AI has directly led to harm by facilitating a scam, which fits the definition of an AI Incident due to harm to people (financial harm and deception). The article explicitly states the video is AI-generated and is being used in a scam, confirming direct harm caused by AI misuse.[AI generated]

US Considers Tighter Export Controls on GAA AI Chips to Curb China
The Biden administration is considering tighter export controls on advanced GAA transistor-based AI chips to curb China's ability to develop and deploy AI systems. Nvidia, Intel, AMD, TSMC, and Samsung are planning GAA production, while China vows to resist restrictions and bolster its domestic semiconductor capabilities.[AI generated]
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The event involves AI systems indirectly, as the chip technology is essential for building and operating AI models. However, no actual harm or incident has occurred yet; the article discusses potential future impacts of restricting technology access. This constitutes a plausible risk or hazard related to AI development and deployment, but no direct or indirect harm has materialized. Therefore, it is best classified as an AI Hazard due to the potential future impact on AI capabilities and development.[AI generated]

Potential Threats of AI Misuse in Deepfakes and Cybersecurity
The Biden administration is preparing to protect AI from misuse by adversaries like China and Russia, who could exploit AI models for cyberattacks or biological weapons. Deepfakes and AI-generated synthetic media, facilitated by tools like Midjourney, pose risks of misinformation, especially in polarized political environments, despite existing policies against deceptive content.[AI generated]
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The article explicitly discusses AI systems such as generative AI and large language models and their potential misuse by hostile actors to cause significant harm, including cyberattacks on critical infrastructure, disinformation campaigns, and biological weapon development. These represent plausible future harms that could lead to AI Incidents if realized. Since no actual harm or incident is reported as having occurred yet, and the focus is on warnings, assessments, and policy responses, the event fits the definition of an AI Hazard. It is not Complementary Information because the main narrative is about potential threats rather than updates on past incidents or governance responses alone. It is not an AI Incident because no direct or indirect harm has yet materialized.[AI generated]

Insurers’ AI-driven apps secretly score drivers, raising privacy concerns
Insurers are using AI-powered data from smartphone apps and connected cars to monitor safety habits—sudden braking, speeding, phone use—and compute “driving scores” via Arity. Scores influence premiums without transparent opt-in consent. Consumer lawsuits and advocates warn this secretive risk assessment breaches privacy rights and may unfairly hike rates.[AI generated]
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The event involves AI systems that process sensor data from smartphones to generate driving behavior scores. These scores are used by insurers to set rates, which can cause economic harm and potential violations of privacy and consumer rights. The data collection without clear consent and the use of AI to profile drivers constitute a breach of obligations intended to protect fundamental and labor rights. Since the harm (privacy violation, unfair discrimination) is occurring due to the AI system's use, this qualifies as an AI Incident.[AI generated]

Berlin’s First AI Brothel Sparks Privacy and Psychological Concerns
Cybrothel, the world's first AI-powered brothel in Berlin founded by Philipp Fussenegger, will let clients interact verbally and physically with AI sex dolls. BBC reports this service raises concerns over privacy violations, data sharing, potential addiction and mental health issues, and reinforcement of harmful stereotypes in adult entertainment.[AI generated]
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The event involves an AI system explicitly described as generative AI integrated into sex dolls and chatbots used in a commercial brothel setting. The article details realized harms including privacy violations through data collection and sharing, potential psychological harm from addiction, and the reinforcement of harmful stereotypes, which are violations of rights and harm to communities. These harms stem directly from the use of the AI system. Although some risks are potential, the article indicates that harms such as data misuse and addictive behaviors are already occurring or highly plausible. Hence, the event meets the criteria for an AI Incident rather than a hazard or complementary information.[AI generated]

AI Amplifies Disinformation in Political Campaigns
Experts warn that AI is being used to enhance disinformation campaigns and foreign interference, particularly during EU elections. AI enables the rapid generation of millions of messages, making it difficult for social media moderation to detect bots. The Antibot4Navalny group highlights Russia's use of AI-driven bots for propaganda.[AI generated]
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The event describes the actual deployment of AI tools (bots using ChatGPT and other generative models) to produce millions of tailored messages, evade moderation, and sway elections—resulting in concrete information warfare and interference. This is a direct case of AI-driven harm to communities and democratic institutions, qualifying it as an AI Incident.[AI generated]

























