PwC Middle East Reports Found Riddled with AI-Generated Misinformation

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The information displayed in the AIM should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its member countries.

PwC Middle East published four 'thought leadership' reports between 2024 and 2026 containing fake footnotes, fabricated citations, and unverifiable claims, largely attributed to irresponsible use of AI systems. Researchers at GPTZero flagged these errors as AI hallucinations, leading to reputational harm and misinformation in professional advisory content.[AI generated]

Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The reports were generated or heavily influenced by AI systems (large language models) that produced hallucinated content and fabricated citations. This misuse of AI has directly led to the publication of false information, which is a clear harm to communities (misinformation) and a breach of intellectual property and professional standards. The event involves the use and malfunction (hallucination) of AI systems leading to realized harm, not just potential harm. Therefore, it qualifies as an AI Incident.[AI generated]
AI principles
AccountabilityTransparency & explainability

Industries
Media, social platforms, and marketing

Affected stakeholders
Business

Harm types
Reputational

Business function:
Marketing and advertisement

AI system task:
Content generation


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