Catalogue of Tools & Metrics for Trustworthy AI

These tools and metrics are designed to help AI actors develop and use trustworthy AI systems and applications that respect human rights and are fair, transparent, explainable, robust, secure and safe.

The structural similarity index measure (SSIM) measures the perceived similarity of two images. When one image is a modified version of the other (e.g., if it is compressed) the SSIM serves as a measure of the fidelity of the compressed representation. The SSIM formula is based on three comparison measurements associated with luminance, contrast, and structure.

 

SSIM can indirectly support 'Safety' and 'Robustness' in AI systems that generate or process images. High structural similarity between expected and actual outputs may help ensure that critical visual information is preserved, reducing the risk of harmful or misleading outputs (Safety). Additionally, monitoring SSIM under varying conditions can help assess the system's ability to maintain performance when faced with noise or perturbations (Robustness). However, these connections are indirect and context-dependent, as SSIM alone does not guarantee safety or robustness without broader system-level considerations.

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Disclaimer: The tools and metrics featured herein are solely those of the originating authors and are not vetted or endorsed by the OECD or its member countries. The Organisation cannot be held responsible for possible issues resulting from the posting of links to third parties' tools and metrics on this catalogue. More on the methodology can be found at https://oecd.ai/catalogue/faq.