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Added by:   OECD analyst
Added on:   08 Sep 2026
Updated by:   OECD analyst
Updated on:   08 Sep 2026

KAŞİF is an AI-based big data risk analysis system developed by TÜBİTAK BİLGEM for the Republic of Türkiye's Ministry of Treasury and Finance. It analyses daily tax and financial data of over four million taxpayers to identify risky behaviour. The initiative was developed to overcome the limits of rule-based audits and enable early detection of tax fraud, fake invoices and unjustified VAT refunds.

Name in original language

Kaşif

Initiative overview

KAŞİF was developed to address the increasing scale, complexity and speed of financial and tax data that traditional rule-based audit systems could no longer effectively process. The initiative leverages big data technologies, artificial intelligence and machine learning to analyse daily data flows covering taxpayer registration, invoices, accruals, collections, customs, declarations, import–export activity and business capacity information for more than four million taxpayers. 

The core objective of the initiative is to strengthen the fight against the informal economy and prevent public revenue losses by enabling early, behaviour-based risk detection. Approximately 260 calculated attributes per taxpayer are used as inputs to advanced analytical models that dynamically identify abnormal patterns, sudden behavioural changes and high-risk profiles without relying solely on predefined rules. This allows the system to detect risks such as fake invoice schemes and unjustified VAT refund claims at very early stages. 

KAŞİF is fully integrated into operational processes within the Revenue Administration Directorate. Risky cases identified by the system are automatically transmitted to relevant tax offices and inspection units, enabling rapid initiation of audits, field inspections or administrative actions. The initiative operates on TÜBİTAK BİLGEM’s national Safir Cloud and Safir Big Data platforms, ensuring security, scalability and data sovereignty. In the future, the system is expected to expand with additional data sources and models, further institutionalising AI-driven decision support in tax administration.

Other relevant details

Results, outcomes and impacts: KAŞİF delivered immediate results by identifying high-risk fake invoicing activities as they emerged. The system detected newly established taxpayers issuing high-value invoices without real economic activity and uncovered coordinated networks of shell companies across various tax offices. By flagging thousands of suspicious entities and blocking unjustified VAT refund claims, KAŞİF effectively prevented significant public loss and ensured the integrity of the tax system. Challenges and lessons learned: Key challenges included integrating heterogeneous data sources, ensuring data quality at scale, and aligning AI outputs with existing legal and operational processes. These were addressed through strong inter-institutional collaboration, continuous data validation, and close integration between analytics teams and tax inspectors. An important lesson learned is that AI systems must complement, not replace, expert judgement. Clear governance, secure national infrastructure and ongoing model monitoring are critical conditions for the success of large-scale AI initiatives in government.

About the policy initiative


Category:

  • AI policy initiatives, programmes and projects

Initiative type:

  • AI use cases/projects in the public sector

Status:

  • Active

Start Year:

  • 2024

Target Sectors:


OECD AI Principles: