Papers & Publications

This paper develops a framework distinguishing AI users from developers and generative from non-generative AI, explaining how competitive dynamics vary.

This report discusses the policy responses needed to harness AI’s transformative potential while mitigating its social and economic risks.

OECD.AI Index is a composite framework measuring national AI capabilities, policy implementation, R&D, infrastructure, jobs & skills for evidence-based AI governance.

Venture capital investment in AI through 2025: global trends, generative AI growth, mega-deals, US dominance, and OECD data insights.

OECD.AI analysis of media-reported AI incidents reveals emerging risk patterns across synthetic media, privacy, cyberattacks and health.

Analysis of AI adoption in EU agriculture, health, manufacturing and mobility, highlighting barriers, skills gaps, data challenges and policy needs.

OECD’s AI trajectories report maps four scenarios to 2030, informing future policy and feeding into the International AI Safety Report 2026’s risk and safety insights.

Member States’ Actions Release date: 10 November 2025 This report examines how EU Member States are implementing national strategies and policy initiatives to foster the development and adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in accordance with the European Union Coordinated Plan on AI. It draws on findings from an ad-hoc survey and interviews with policymakers conducted […]

These are preliminary insights from 20 organisations across diverse sectors and countries, about their approaches to AI risk identification and management, transparency, governance, content authentication and AI safety research.