OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OECD.AI co-organised this panel with the Paris Peace Forum. Many potential risks associated with artificial intelligence have been identified and as capabilities mature, risks will grow in scale and scope.

In this session, Christo Wilson and Stefano Scarpetta will discuss the potential and limitations of algorithmic auditing.

This session will discuss the implications of the diffusion of AI for business dynamism (i.e. firm entry, growth and exit) and the potential challenges for competition, with a focus on the role of policy.

In this session, social partners will share concrete responses to the AI transition along these two dimensions and discuss how the lessons learnt may help other social partners to develop respective activities.

This session brings together experts from the OECD’s stakeholder partners to discuss the future trajectory of AI, its implications and the policy priorities from the point of view of their communities.

This session will present the initial findings of the evaluation to compare how the results changed from 2016 to 2021. The participants will then discuss some of the questions on the test and the ways that recent developments in AI would affect its performance on these questions.

This session will explore the use of artificial intelligence in labour market matching – by human resource managers, public and private employment services, as well as in the platform economy. The goal is to identify both the potential of AI for improving both the efficiency and the quality of labour market matching, as well as the risks, and the regulatory gaps that would need to be addressed.

This session will invite senior policy makers to discuss key issues and the emerging policy actions in their domains that will help to make the most of AI technologies while minimising their potential risks and ensuring that AI upholds shared social values and individual rights.

The session discussants will consider how AI is being used in the scientific process, what the impacts of AI are and could be, what steps governments should prioritise to help amplify the impacts of AI on science, and what AI could achieve in science in the medium-term.

The OECD.AI Network of Experts is launching a user-friendly framework that will allow policy makers to classify different types of applied AI systems. The framework helps distinguish AI applications according to their potential impact on individuals, society and the planet. Participants will discuss the tool in detail and present concrete examples of how to apply the framework. The panel will also look ahead and discuss the next step for this work: designing an AI risk assessment method building on the Framework.

This session will bring together policy-makers, academics and industry representatives to discuss the skill needs for the successful adoption of AI in economies; the success factors and challenges of training managers and employees for the adoption of AI; and what policy can do to support enterprises and individuals to gain the relevant skills.

The session involves a discussion with experts in AI from industry, from both large firms and SMEs, as well as leaders of institutions working to accelerate AI adoption. The industry practitioners will consider the day-to-day challenges and opportunities of adopting and using AI and how these differ across firms of different sizes. In the light of the experts’ experiences, the discussion will also explore what governments should best do to assist the uptake of AI in industry.

The session will then discuss the more formal evaluation campaigns of the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the French Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE). The speakers will discuss the insights and limitations of these different ways of evaluating AI.

During this session, Daron Acemoglu (Institute Professor, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Stefano Scarpetta (Director of the Employment, Labour and Social Affairs Directorate, OECD) will discuss the impact of AI and automation technologies on work, the implications in terms of skills that will be required, and how public policies can help to make sure that the adoption of these new technologies is beneficial for all.

As AI diffusion and adoption evolve apace, timely data on AI education, jobs, skills, research and other areas can help inform policy. At this session, the OECD will launch a set of new indicators and interactive visualisations showing supply of AI education, jobs and skills and software development. This session will feature a short demonstration of new interactive datasets available on the OECD’s AI Policy Observatory (OECD.AI), followed by an exchange with OECD.AI data partners.

This panel will focus on potential policy responses. Are existing anti-discrimination laws sufficient? Or is there a need for new legislation (e.g. banning certain use types, or mandating bias audits)?

This session explores the current understanding and the most recent evidence on the diffusion of AI, the characteristics of AI adopters, and the implications of AI use for productivity, also leveraging information recently available in administrative or exploratory data. It will then examine the policy implications of that evidence, and the related challenges and opportunities.

This opening one-on-one discussion will touch upon these issues, examining the role of AI for economies and societies, the implications for labour, innovation, productivity and human capital, and for policy related to those areas, thus setting the scene for the events of the week.

Explanatory video on indicators on AI in Work, Innovation, Productivity and Skills by the German AI Observatory, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs.

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