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AIM: AI Incidents and Hazards Monitor

Automated monitor of incidents and hazards from public sources (Beta).

AI-related legislation is gaining traction, and effective policymaking needs evidence, foresight and international cooperation. The OECD AI Incidents and Hazards Monitor (AIM) documents AI incidents and hazards to help policymakers, AI practitioners, and all stakeholders worldwide gain valuable insights into the risks and harms of AI systems. Over time, AIM will help to show risk patterns and establish a collective understanding of AI incidents and hazards and their multifaceted nature, serving as an important tool for trustworthy AI. AI incidents seem to be getting more media attention lately, but they've actually gone down as a share of all AI news (see chart below!).

The information displayed in the AIM should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its member countries.

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As percentage of total AI events
Note: An AI incident or hazard can be reported by one or more news articles covering the same event. Data processing powered by Microsoft Azure using data from Event Registry.
Show summary statistics of AI incidents & hazards
Results: About 16041 incidents & hazards
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Shinhan Investment Deploys AI for Enhanced Credit and Leverage Risk Management

2026-06-24
Korea

Shinhan Investment Securities in South Korea has strengthened its risk management system for credit and leverage investments by implementing AI-based monitoring and analysis. The AI system analyzes portfolios daily, detects risk changes, and sends alerts to protect vulnerable investors, aiming to prevent financial harm amid market volatility.[AI generated]

Industries:
Financial and insurance services
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Monitoring and quality control
Autonomy level:
Low-action autonomy (human-in-the-loop)
AI system task:
Event/anomaly detection
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly mentions the use of AI-based monitoring and risk analysis as part of a multi-layered risk management system to prevent harm related to credit and leverage investments. Since the AI system is used to manage and mitigate risk and no actual harm or incident is reported, this qualifies as an AI Hazard, where the AI system's use could plausibly prevent or lead to harm if mismanaged. There is no indication of realized harm or incident, so it is not an AI Incident. The article is not merely complementary information about AI in general, but describes a concrete AI application with potential impact on investor protection, fitting the AI Hazard category.[AI generated]

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AI Drones Uncover Massive Illegal Electricity Use in Şanlıurfa

2026-06-24
Türkiye

In Şanlıurfa's Viranşehir district, Dicle Elektrik used AI-supported drones to detect 62 illegal transformers supplying enough power for 5,500 homes. The unauthorized transformers posed risks to the energy grid and public safety. Legal action was initiated to confiscate the equipment, highlighting AI's role in addressing energy theft and associated harms.[AI generated]

Industries:
Energy, raw materials, and utilities
Severity:
AI incident
Business function:
Monitoring and quality control
Autonomy level:
Medium-action autonomy (human-on-the-loop)
AI system task:
Recognition/object detectionEvent/anomaly detection
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly mentions the use of AI-supported drones for inspection and analysis to detect illegal transformers used for unauthorized electricity consumption. The illegal transformers cause harm by overloading the energy grid, reducing energy quality, causing power outages, and posing safety risks including potential fires and fatal accidents. These constitute realized harms to property, communities, and health. Since the AI system's use is directly connected to identifying and addressing these harms, this event meets the criteria for an AI Incident rather than a hazard or complementary information.[AI generated]

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Chinese Premier Warns of AI Risks, Urges Global Regulation

2026-06-24
China

At the Summer Davos in Dalian, Chinese Premier Li Qiang warned that rapid advances in artificial intelligence could lead to humanity "losing control" if governments delay regulation. He highlighted risks such as labor disruption, security threats, and ethical lapses, urging swift global governance to prevent severe consequences.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Democracy & human autonomyRobustness & digital security
Industries:
Government, security, and defenceBusiness processes and support services
Affected stakeholders:
WorkersGeneral public
Harm types:
Economic/PropertyPublic interestHuman or fundamental rights
Severity:
AI hazard
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article discusses potential future harms from AI technologies and the need for regulation to avoid losing control, which fits the definition of an AI Hazard. There is no mention of an actual AI Incident causing realized harm, nor is the article primarily about responses or updates to past incidents, so it is not Complementary Information. It is not unrelated since it concerns AI risks and governance. Therefore, the event is best classified as an AI Hazard due to the credible risk of future harm from AI development and use if unregulated.[AI generated]

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Taipei Metro AI Customer Service Misused for Threats, User Sentenced

2026-06-24
Chinese Taipei

A man repeatedly used Taipei Metro's AI customer service system to send threatening messages, including threats of violence. Authorities investigated, leading to his arrest and a six-month prison sentence for public intimidation. This marks Taiwan's first conviction for misuse of an AI customer service platform to spread threats.[AI generated]

AI principles:
SafetyRobustness & digital security
Industries:
Government, security, and defence
Affected stakeholders:
General public
Harm types:
PsychologicalPublic interest
Severity:
AI incident
Business function:
Citizen/customer service
Autonomy level:
No-action autonomy (human support)
AI system task:
Interaction support/chatbots
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The AI system (Taipei Metro's AI smart customer service) was explicitly involved as the medium through which the threatening messages were sent. The threats caused harm by intending to induce public fear, which is a violation of law and public safety. The legal prosecution and sentencing confirm that harm occurred due to the use of the AI system. Hence, this is an AI Incident as the AI system's use directly led to harm (violation of public safety and legal harm).[AI generated]

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AI-Generated Deepfake Causes Harm to Actress, Prompts Legal Reform Calls in Bavaria

2026-06-24
Germany

Munich actress Teresa Rizos was psychologically harmed after discovering an AI-generated deepfake of her face on a pornographic image. Bavarian Justice Minister Georg Eisenreich called for tougher penalties for creators of sexualized deepfakes, highlighting their severe emotional and reputational impact, especially on women and girls.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Privacy & data governanceRespect of human rights
Industries:
Media, social platforms, and marketing
Affected stakeholders:
Women
Harm types:
PsychologicalReputationalHuman or fundamental rights
Severity:
AI incident
Autonomy level:
Low-action autonomy (human-in-the-loop)
AI system task:
Content generation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The event involves the use of an AI system (deepfake technology) to create and distribute harmful content that directly caused psychological and reputational harm to the victim, fulfilling the criteria of an AI Incident. The harm includes violation of personal rights and emotional injury, which aligns with the definition of harm to persons and violation of rights. The article details the actual occurrence of harm, not just potential risk, and thus it is classified as an AI Incident rather than a hazard or complementary information.[AI generated]

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Santander Plans Early Retirement Amid AI-Driven Workforce Reductions in Spain

2026-06-24
Spain

Santander Spain is negotiating with unions to offer early retirement to up to 3,000 employees as the bank expands its use of AI to automate operations and reduce administrative staff. The move reflects broader industry trends of workforce reduction linked to AI adoption, with discussions ongoing and no final decisions yet made.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Human wellbeingRespect of human rights
Industries:
Financial and insurance services
Affected stakeholders:
Workers
Harm types:
Economic/Property
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Monitoring and quality control
AI system task:
Goal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The event involves AI as a factor influencing organizational decisions about workforce reductions, but no direct or indirect harm caused by AI systems is reported. The AI's role is in the anticipated optimization leading to potential job losses, which is a plausible future harm scenario. However, since no harm has yet occurred and the article focuses on plans and negotiations rather than an actual incident, this fits the definition of an AI Hazard rather than an AI Incident. It is not Complementary Information because the article is not updating or responding to a past AI Incident or Hazard, but rather reporting on a developing situation with potential future harm.[AI generated]

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Medical AI Models Expose Privacy Risks for Vulnerable Patients

2026-06-24
Germany

A study led by the Technical University of Munich and Imperial College London found that medical AI models trained on sensitive patient data can expose individuals, especially those with rare diseases or from minority groups, to privacy breaches. Membership inference attacks can reveal whether specific patient data was used in training, compromising privacy.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Privacy & data governanceRespect of human rights
Industries:
Healthcare, drugs, and biotechnology
Affected stakeholders:
Other
Harm types:
Human or fundamental rights
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Research and development
AI system task:
Forecasting/prediction
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly involves AI systems (medical AI models) and discusses a security vulnerability (MIA) that can lead to privacy breaches, a violation of fundamental rights related to data protection and privacy. While the harm is not reported as having occurred yet, the study demonstrates that such attacks could plausibly lead to significant harm to individuals' privacy, especially vulnerable groups. Therefore, this event fits the definition of an AI Hazard, as it describes circumstances where AI system use could plausibly lead to an AI Incident involving violations of rights and harm to individuals.[AI generated]

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Tax Advisors Warn of AI Opacity Risks in Spanish Tax Administration Law

2026-06-24
Spain

The Spanish Association of Tax Advisors (Aedaf) has denounced a legislative amendment allowing tax administrations to use AI systems opaquely and with immunity from oversight. They warn this could lead to violations of fundamental rights, including privacy and judicial protection, and have proposed amendments to address these risks.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Transparency & explainabilityPrivacy & data governance
Industries:
Government, security, and defence
Affected stakeholders:
General public
Harm types:
Human or fundamental rights
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Compliance and justice
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly mentions the use of AI algorithms in tax inspections, indicating AI system involvement. The concerns focus on the opacity and lack of transparency in the AI's use, which could lead to violations of fundamental rights and judicial oversight, constituting potential harm. Since no actual harm or incident is reported, but a credible risk is identified, the event qualifies as an AI Hazard rather than an AI Incident or Complementary Information. It is not unrelated because AI use is central to the issue.[AI generated]

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Robotaxi Trials in London Raise Safety Concerns Amid AI Deployment

2026-06-24
United Kingdom

Waymo, Wayve, and Baidu are testing AI-driven robotaxis in London, marking the city's first large-scale autonomous taxi trials. While no incidents have occurred, experts and the public express concerns about safety risks due to London's complex roads and vulnerable users, highlighting potential hazards of AI systems.[AI generated]

AI principles:
SafetyAccountability
Industries:
Mobility and autonomous vehicles
Affected stakeholders:
General publicConsumers
Harm types:
Physical (injury)
Severity:
AI hazard
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Recognition/object detectionGoal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly involves AI systems in the form of autonomous robotaxis operating in a complex urban environment. It mentions previous accidents and recalls related to similar AI systems, indicating known risks. However, it does not report any new accident or harm caused by these AI systems in London at this time. The discussion about the possibility of a "major backlash" following a serious accident and the emphasis on safety as a priority demonstrate a credible risk of future harm. Hence, the event fits the definition of an AI Hazard, where the development and use of AI systems could plausibly lead to harm, but no direct or indirect harm has yet occurred in this context.[AI generated]

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North Macedonia Launches AI-Powered Crisis Management System with NATO Support

2026-06-24
North Macedonia

North Macedonia's Crisis Management Center, supported by NATO, has initiated a multi-year project to modernize its crisis management system using artificial intelligence (NICS-2). The AI-driven system aims to enhance coordination and emergency response, but no incidents or harm have occurred as the project is in its early stages.[AI generated]

Industries:
Government, security, and defence
Severity:
AI hazard
AI system task:
Event/anomaly detectionForecasting/prediction
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The event involves the development and planned use of an AI system for crisis management and emergency response. However, there is no indication that any harm has occurred or that the system has malfunctioned. The description focuses on the initiation of the project and its intended benefits, with no realized or imminent harm described. Therefore, this event represents a plausible future risk context where AI could be involved in critical infrastructure management, but no incident or harm has yet occurred. It is best classified as an AI Hazard because the AI system's use could plausibly lead to harm if failures or misuse occur in the future, but no harm is reported at this stage.[AI generated]

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AI-Designed Nuclear Test Flight Vehicle Unveiled by Trump Administration

2026-06-24
United States

The Trump administration, through the Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration, unveiled an 11-foot-tall nuclear test flight vehicle designed using artificial intelligence, supercomputing, and 3D printing. The Aires Tide project aims to accelerate nuclear weapons development, raising concerns about future risks associated with AI-driven military advancements.[AI generated]

AI principles:
SafetyRespect of human rights
Industries:
Government, security, and defence
Affected stakeholders:
General public
Harm types:
Physical (death)Public interest
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Research and development
Autonomy level:
Medium-action autonomy (human-on-the-loop)
AI system task:
Goal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The event involves an AI system explicitly used in the design and testing of a nuclear weapons-related flight vehicle, fulfilling the definition of an AI system. The AI's use is in the development and deployment phase, accelerating nuclear weapons-related capabilities. Although no direct or indirect harm has occurred yet, the application of AI in nuclear weapons development carries a credible risk of significant future harm, including escalation of military conflict or accidents involving nuclear weapons. This aligns with the definition of an AI Hazard, as the AI system's use could plausibly lead to an AI Incident involving harm to communities, disruption of critical infrastructure, or violations of international law. The article does not describe any realized harm or incident, nor is it primarily about governance or societal responses, so it is not Complementary Information. Hence, the classification is AI Hazard.[AI generated]

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YouTube Settles Lawsuit Over AI-Driven Social Media Harm to Minors

2026-06-23
United States

Google's YouTube settled a confidential lawsuit with a minor who alleged the platform's AI-driven design caused mental health harm. The case, part of broader litigation against major social media companies, highlights concerns over addictive algorithms and their impact on youth mental health in the United States.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Human wellbeingSafety
Industries:
Media, social platforms, and marketing
Affected stakeholders:
Children
Harm types:
Psychological
Severity:
AI incident
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Organisation/recommenders
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

YouTube's recommendation algorithms and features like autoplay and infinite scroll are AI systems designed to maximize user engagement. The lawsuit alleges these AI-driven features caused social media addiction and mental health harm to a minor, which constitutes harm to health (a). The settlement confirms the harm was realized, making this an AI Incident. The event is not merely about product updates or general AI news but about harm caused by AI system use.[AI generated]

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French Army Procures 5,000 AI-Powered Combat Drones from Harmattan AI

2026-06-23
France

The French Army has ordered 5,000 AI-enabled Delco microdrones from Harmattan AI, to be delivered by 2027. These autonomous drones, equipped with advanced surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities, represent a significant military adoption of AI, raising plausible future risks of harm in combat scenarios.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Respect of human rightsSafety
Industries:
Government, security, and defence
Affected stakeholders:
General publicGovernment
Harm types:
Physical (death)Physical (injury)
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Other
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Recognition/object detectionGoal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The drones are AI systems as they are described as autonomous defense systems piloted by AI. The procurement and deployment of such a large number of AI-enabled combat drones represent a credible risk of harm, given their military use and potential for lethal applications. Although no harm has yet occurred, the nature of these AI systems and their intended use in combat plausibly could lead to significant harms such as injury, disruption, or violations of rights. Therefore, this event qualifies as an AI Hazard due to the plausible future harm from the deployment of AI-powered combat drones.[AI generated]

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EU Investigates Meta for AI-Driven Addictive Design Targeting Children

2026-06-23

The European Commission is escalating its investigation into Meta's Facebook and Instagram for allegedly using AI-driven algorithms and design features that exploitively keep children engaged, raising concerns about mental health and well-being. The probe, under the Digital Services Act, could result in significant fines if violations are confirmed.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Human wellbeingDemocracy & human autonomy
Industries:
Media, social platforms, and marketing
Affected stakeholders:
Children
Harm types:
Psychological
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Marketing and advertisement
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Organisation/recommendersGoal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly mentions the use of algorithms that create a "rabbit-hole effect" to keep children engaged, which implies AI systems are involved in content recommendation and user engagement. The investigation is regulatory and concerns potential breaches of child safety and well-being, indicating plausible future harm from AI system use. Since no confirmed harm or incident has been established yet, and the event centers on the investigation and regulatory process, this qualifies as an AI Hazard rather than an AI Incident. It is not merely complementary information because the investigation itself highlights a credible risk of harm from AI systems.[AI generated]

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Major Outage Disrupts Anthropic's Claude AI Services

2026-06-23
United States

On June 23, 2026, Anthropic's Claude AI systems experienced a major outage, causing widespread service disruptions, elevated error rates, and blank responses across multiple platforms. The malfunction affected users globally, highlighting the operational risks and growing dependence on AI assistants for critical tasks.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Robustness & digital security
Industries:
IT infrastructure and hostingConsumer services
Affected stakeholders:
Consumers
Harm types:
Economic/Property
Severity:
AI incident
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Interaction support/chatbotsContent generation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The event involves an AI system (Claude chatbot) experiencing malfunction leading to service disruption and degraded functionality. While no direct physical harm or legal violation is reported, the malfunction causes significant disruption to users relying on the AI system for various tasks. This fits the definition of an AI Incident as the AI system's malfunction is directly leading to harm in the form of service disruption and operational impact to users. The harm is realized and ongoing, not merely potential. Therefore, this event qualifies as an AI Incident.[AI generated]

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Safe Pro to Integrate AI Threat Detection in U.S. Military Autonomous Vehicles

2026-06-23
United States

Safe Pro Group has been awarded a $1.3 million U.S. Army subcontract to integrate its AI-powered real-time threat detection technology into autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). The AI system, using advanced computer vision and machine learning, aims to detect explosive threats, raising potential future risks if the technology malfunctions or is misused.[AI generated]

AI principles:
SafetyRobustness & digital security
Industries:
Government, security, and defence
Affected stakeholders:
WorkersGeneral public
Harm types:
Physical (injury)Physical (death)
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Research and development
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Recognition/object detection
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly mentions an AI system (Safe Pro's AI-powered threat detection technology) being integrated into autonomous UGVs for real-time detection of explosive threats. The AI system is under development and planned deployment, with no reported incidents or harms resulting from its use so far. The intended use in military autonomous vehicles for detecting landmines and explosives implies a credible potential for harm if the AI system malfunctions or is misused, such as failure to detect threats or false positives leading to operational issues. However, since no actual harm or incident is reported, the event is best classified as an AI Hazard, reflecting the plausible future risk associated with the AI system's deployment in a high-stakes environment.[AI generated]

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Autonomous Military Drones Unveiled, Raising Global AI Hazard Concerns

2026-06-23
France

Governments and defense firms, including VisionWave Holdings, are rapidly developing and deploying AI-driven autonomous drones and counter-drone systems for military use. Unveiled at Eurosatory 2026 in Paris, these technologies promise enhanced battlefield capabilities but raise credible risks of future harm due to autonomous operation in conflict zones.[AI generated]

AI principles:
SafetyRespect of human rights
Industries:
Government, security, and defenceRobots, sensors, and IT hardware
Affected stakeholders:
General public
Harm types:
Physical (death)Physical (injury)Human or fundamental rights
Severity:
AI hazard
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Recognition/object detectionGoal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly discusses AI systems in the form of autonomous drones used for military and defense purposes, including autonomous mission execution and counter-UAS operations. However, it does not describe any realized harm, injury, rights violations, or disruptions caused by these AI systems. The content centers on the market growth, technological capabilities, and strategic deployment of these systems, which implies a credible risk of future harm due to their autonomous military use. Therefore, the event fits the definition of an AI Hazard, as the development and proliferation of autonomous military drones could plausibly lead to AI Incidents in the future, but no direct or indirect harm has yet occurred as per the article.[AI generated]

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AI-Generated Videos Sexualize Women During 2026 World Cup

2026-06-23
United States

Generative AI is used on social media to create synthetic videos of supposed female fans at the 2026 World Cup, classified by nationality and sexualized stereotypes. Over twenty accounts regularly publish these misleading videos, spreading gender-based disinformation, objectifying women, and monetizing harmful content.[AI generated]

AI principles:
FairnessRespect of human rights
Industries:
Media, social platforms, and marketing
Affected stakeholders:
Women
Harm types:
PsychologicalReputationalHuman or fundamental rights
Severity:
AI incident
Business function:
Marketing and advertisement
Autonomy level:
No-action autonomy (human support)
AI system task:
Content generationRecognition/object detection
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly mentions the use of generative AI to create synthetic videos that sexualize and stereotype women by nationality, which is a form of gender-based disinformation and objectification. This use of AI has directly led to harm by reinforcing harmful societal stereotypes and contributing to misogyny and unrealistic beauty standards, which affect communities and violate rights related to gender dignity. The AI system's development and use are central to the creation and spread of this harmful content. Hence, the event meets the criteria for an AI Incident as it involves realized harm caused directly by AI-generated content.[AI generated]

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AI Chatbots in Healthcare Cause Privacy Breaches and Risky Medical Advice

2026-06-23
Greece

AI chatbots using large language models in healthcare have led to privacy breaches, with sensitive medical data exposed to unauthorized parties, and have provided users with a mix of correct and incorrect medical advice, posing health risks. These incidents highlight significant ongoing dangers in relying on AI for medical guidance.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Privacy & data governanceSafety
Industries:
Healthcare, drugs, and biotechnology
Affected stakeholders:
Consumers
Harm types:
Human or fundamental rightsPhysical (injury)
Severity:
AI hazard
Business function:
Citizen/customer service
Autonomy level:
High-action autonomy (human-out-of-the-loop)
AI system task:
Interaction support/chatbots
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The article explicitly involves AI systems (AI chatbots and large language models) used in healthcare. It discusses the development and use of these AI systems and the plausible risks they pose, including privacy breaches and incorrect medical advice that could lead to harm. However, it does not describe any actual harm or incident that has already taken place. Instead, it serves as a warning and guidance to prevent future harm. This fits the definition of an AI Hazard, as it plausibly could lead to an AI Incident but no incident is reported yet.[AI generated]

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Finland Evaluates Approval of Tesla's AI-Based FSD Driver Assistance System

2026-06-23
Finland

Finnish transport authority Traficom is assessing whether to approve Tesla's AI-powered FSD (Supervised) driver assistance system, following its conditional approval in the Netherlands. The evaluation focuses on safety and suitability for Finnish conditions, with concerns about potential risks but no reported incidents or harm in Finland.[AI generated]

AI principles:
Safety
Industries:
Mobility and autonomous vehicles
Severity:
AI hazard
Autonomy level:
Low-action autonomy (human-in-the-loop)
AI system task:
Recognition/object detectionGoal-driven organisation
Why's our monitor labelling this an incident or hazard?

The Tesla FSD system is an AI system as it uses deep learning for driver assistance and autonomous control functions. The article centers on Traficom's safety and regulatory assessment of the system's conditional approval, highlighting potential risks such as driver inattentiveness, system errors, and speeding enabled by the AI system. However, no actual incidents or harms have been reported; the system is under evaluation before full approval. This fits the definition of an AI Hazard, where the AI system's use could plausibly lead to harm (e.g., accidents due to system errors or driver misuse), but no direct or indirect harm has yet occurred. The article does not describe any realized injury, rights violation, or property/environmental harm caused by the AI system. It is not merely complementary information because the focus is on the potential safety risks and regulatory decision-making regarding the AI system's deployment, not on responses to past incidents or general AI ecosystem updates.[AI generated]